{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00002250","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Craft CMS has Twig Function Blocklist Bypass","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","CVE-2026-28783"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for craftcms/cms, craftcms/cms. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.9.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 4.17.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-06-17T10:29:02.200Z","value":"9.1 CRITICAL (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-acf6a0ad05d77b473a7ade0e3d8eecff"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-06-17T10:29:02.200Z","value":"9.4 CRITICAL (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-acf6a0ad05d77b473a7ade0e3d8eecff"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.512%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.43701. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"},{"id":"sr-acf6a0ad05d77b473a7ade0e3d8eecff","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28783","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-28783","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T01:40:56.268Z"},{"id":"sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-28783","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.376Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 5.0.0-RC1; fixed 5.9.0-beta.1"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0-RC1; fixed 4.17.0-beta.1"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-06T15:18:17.676Z","source_updated_at":"2026-03-04T18:48:54.658Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-03-03T21:01:27.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"},{"id":"NVI-00002250","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Craft CMS has Twig Function Blocklist Bypass","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","CVE-2026-28783"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for craftcms/cms, craftcms/cms. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.9.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 4.17.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.512%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.43701. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"},{"id":"sr-9b7d7b257528dd9e4941f77f48ec570e","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-28783","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.376Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 5.0.0-RC1; fixed 5.9.0-beta.1"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0-RC1; fixed 4.17.0-beta.1"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-04T02:53:03.167Z","source_updated_at":"2026-03-04T18:48:54.658Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-03-03T21:01:27.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"},{"id":"NVI-00002250","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Craft CMS has Twig Function Blocklist Bypass","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","CVE-2026-28783"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for craftcms/cms, craftcms/cms. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.9.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 4.17.0-beta.1 for craftcms/cms. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-5fvc-7894-ghp4","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 5.0.0-RC1; fixed 5.9.0-beta.1"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1130c033964793f73d494275a7002a15"],"technology":"craftcms/cms","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Craft CMS implements a blocklist to prevent potentially dangerous PHP functions from being called via Twig non-Closure arrow functions.\n\nIn order to be able to successfully execute this attack, you need to either have `allowAdminChanges` enabled on production, or a compromised admin account, or an account with access to the System Messages utility.\n\nSeveral PHP functions are not included in the blocklist, which could allow malicious actors with the required permissions to execute various types of payloads, including RCEs, arbitrary file reads, SSRFs, and SSTIs.\n\nTwig has already deprecated this behavior, and it will eventually be removed from Twig altogether.\n\nhttps://github.com/twigphp/Twig/blob/946ddeafa3c9f4ce279d1f34051af041db0e16f2/src/Extension/CoreExtension.php#L2096\n\nThis has been resolved in Craft 4.17.0 and 5.9.0, which removes the blocklist and disables all non-Clousure arrow functions in Twig globally via the `enableTwigSandbox` config setting. That setting is enabled by default on all new Craft projects. Existing Craft projects will need to enable the config setting to take advantage of it.\n\nExisting projects should update to the patched versions of 5.9.0 and 4.17.0 to","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0-RC1; fixed 4.17.0-beta.1"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T21:54:04.903Z","source_updated_at":"2026-03-04T18:48:54.658Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-03-03T21:01:27.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.921Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}