{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00005407","kind":"vulnerability","title":"graphql-php is affected by a Denial of Service via quadratic complexity in OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation","revision":5,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr","CVE-2026-40476"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for webonyx/graphql-php. 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An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (>20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n²) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. For identical repeated fields, every comparison returns \"no conflict\" but the quadratic iteration count causes resource exhaustion.\n\n**Fix:** Deduplicate structurally identical fields before pairwise comparison, reducing the complexity from O(n²) to O(u²) where u is the number of unique field signatures (typically 1 for this attack pattern).\n\n**Credit:** Ashwak N (ashwakn04@gmail.com)","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 15.31.5"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-08T15:11:47.488Z","source_updated_at":"2026-06-08T23:09:49.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-04-14T01:05:05.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.932Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005407","kind":"vulnerability","title":"graphql-php is affected by a Denial of Service via quadratic complexity in OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation","revision":4,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr","CVE-2026-40476"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for webonyx/graphql-php. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 15.31.5 for webonyx/graphql-php. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-8e02a904f68c65b3984bd06b11f6a596"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-0ece3de5ea157ea5738e2cdd6dbbcacb"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. 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Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-40476","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-03T17:44:07.784Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-8e02a904f68c65b3984bd06b11f6a596"],"technology":"webonyx/graphql-php","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"The `OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged` validation rule exhibits quadratic time complexity when processing queries with many repeated fields sharing the same response name. An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (>20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n²) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. For identical repeated fields, every comparison returns \"no conflict\" but the quadratic iteration count causes resource exhaustion.\n\n**Fix:** Deduplicate structurally identical fields before pairwise comparison, reducing the complexity from O(n²) to O(u²) where u is the number of unique field signatures (typically 1 for this attack pattern).\n\n**Credit:** Ashwak N (ashwakn04@gmail.com)","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 15.31.5"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-06T00:29:57.259Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-10T03:50:43.311Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-04-14T01:05:05.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.932Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005407","kind":"vulnerability","title":"graphql-php is affected by a Denial of Service via quadratic complexity in OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr","CVE-2026-40476"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for webonyx/graphql-php. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 15.31.5 for webonyx/graphql-php. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-8e02a904f68c65b3984bd06b11f6a596"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-aa81b282f36b7c90f25754aa1c4d5f92"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:10:00.170Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-5c76d8656b62b8159fa454412729544a"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:10:00.170Z","value":"6.9 MEDIUM (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-5c76d8656b62b8159fa454412729544a"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.637%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.50546. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-aa81b282f36b7c90f25754aa1c4d5f92"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. 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Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-40476","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.378Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-8e02a904f68c65b3984bd06b11f6a596"],"technology":"webonyx/graphql-php","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"The `OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged` validation rule exhibits quadratic time complexity when processing queries with many repeated fields sharing the same response name. An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (>20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n²) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. 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An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (>20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n²) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. For identical repeated fields, every comparison returns \"no conflict\" but the quadratic iteration count causes resource exhaustion.\n\n**Fix:** Deduplicate structurally identical fields before pairwise comparison, reducing the complexity from O(n²) to O(u²) where u is the number of unique field signatures (typically 1 for this attack pattern).\n\n**Credit:** Ashwak N (ashwakn04@gmail.com)","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 15.31.5"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-02T20:21:10.272Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-10T03:50:43.311Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-04-14T01:05:05.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.932Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005407","kind":"vulnerability","title":"graphql-php is affected by a Denial of Service via quadratic complexity in OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-68jq-c3rv-pcrr","CVE-2026-40476"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for webonyx/graphql-php. 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An attacker can send a crafted query like `{ hello hello hello ... }` with thousands of repeated fields, causing excessive CPU usage during validation before execution begins.\n\nThis is not mitigated by existing QueryDepth or QueryComplexity rules.\n\n**Observed impact (tested on v15.31.4):**\n- 1000 fields: ~0.6s\n- 2000 fields: ~2.4s\n- 3000 fields: ~5.3s\n- 5000 fields: request timeout (>20s)\n\n**Root cause:** `collectConflictsWithin()` performs O(n²) pairwise comparisons of all fields with the same response name. For identical repeated fields, every comparison returns \"no conflict\" but the quadratic iteration count causes resource exhaustion.\n\n**Fix:** Deduplicate structurally identical fields before pairwise comparison, reducing the complexity from O(n²) to O(u²) where u is the number of unique field signatures (typically 1 for this attack pattern).\n\n**Credit:** Ashwak N (ashwakn04@gmail.com)","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 15.31.5"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:13:01.463Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-10T03:50:43.311Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-04-14T01:05:05.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:41:59.932Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}