{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00005602","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI leads to RCE)","revision":4,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","CVE-2026-59989"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for phalcon/cphalcon. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.16.0 for phalcon/cphalcon. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-28bdeb36c17e2b6a4d95c940c11df0ff"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-12T16:10:00.220Z","value":"9.2 CRITICAL (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-deece0c5374a98cb0382efc1b667d39b"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-03T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.543%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.45652. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-28bdeb36c17e2b6a4d95c940c11df0ff"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"sr-deece0c5374a98cb0382efc1b667d39b","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59989","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-59989","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:49.802Z"},{"id":"sr-28bdeb36c17e2b6a4d95c940c11df0ff","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59989","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-03T17:44:07.789Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"technology":"phalcon/cphalcon","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Summary\n\nThe Volt template compiler in Phalcon generates the PHP for the `join` filter by string-concatenating the filter's **raw template-literal argument bytes** with no escaping. The separator literal is dropped verbatim between two single quotes the compiler emits, and the piped array argument is emitted completely bare. A Volt template whose `join` arguments are attacker-influenced can therefore break out of the generated `join('…')` call and inject arbitrary PHP into the compiled template. Volt writes that compiled template to a cache file and `require()`s it at render time, so the injected PHP executes i.e. compile-time PHP code injection (server-side template injection -> remote code execution) for any application that compiles attacker-controlled Volt source.\n\n## Details \n\n### Root cause\n\n`phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep:2544-2546`:\n\n```zephir\ncase \"join\":\n    return \"join('\" . funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]\n        . \"', \" . funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"] . \")\";\n```\n\n`funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the separator) and `funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the piped array) are the **raw values** of the parsed template tokens. Unlike every other expres","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 5.16.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-08T19:53:33.620Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-11T05:15:04.527Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-08-21T20:55:56.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005602","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI leads to RCE)","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","CVE-2026-59989"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for phalcon/cphalcon. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.16.0 for phalcon/cphalcon. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-12T16:10:00.220Z","value":"9.2 CRITICAL (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-deece0c5374a98cb0382efc1b667d39b"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.543%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.45617. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"sr-deece0c5374a98cb0382efc1b667d39b","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59989","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-59989","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:49.802Z"},{"id":"sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59989","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.383Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"technology":"phalcon/cphalcon","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Summary\n\nThe Volt template compiler in Phalcon generates the PHP for the `join` filter by string-concatenating the filter's **raw template-literal argument bytes** with no escaping. The separator literal is dropped verbatim between two single quotes the compiler emits, and the piped array argument is emitted completely bare. A Volt template whose `join` arguments are attacker-influenced can therefore break out of the generated `join('…')` call and inject arbitrary PHP into the compiled template. Volt writes that compiled template to a cache file and `require()`s it at render time, so the injected PHP executes i.e. compile-time PHP code injection (server-side template injection -> remote code execution) for any application that compiles attacker-controlled Volt source.\n\n## Details \n\n### Root cause\n\n`phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep:2544-2546`:\n\n```zephir\ncase \"join\":\n    return \"join('\" . funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]\n        . \"', \" . funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"] . \")\";\n```\n\n`funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the separator) and `funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the piped array) are the **raw values** of the parsed template tokens. Unlike every other expres","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 5.16.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-07T22:29:23.463Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-11T05:15:04.527Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-08-21T20:55:56.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005602","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI leads to RCE)","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","CVE-2026-59989"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for phalcon/cphalcon. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.16.0 for phalcon/cphalcon. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.543%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.45617. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"sr-96dec54fb14193bb2bcb23d493261480","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59989","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.383Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"technology":"phalcon/cphalcon","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Summary\n\nThe Volt template compiler in Phalcon generates the PHP for the `join` filter by string-concatenating the filter's **raw template-literal argument bytes** with no escaping. The separator literal is dropped verbatim between two single quotes the compiler emits, and the piped array argument is emitted completely bare. A Volt template whose `join` arguments are attacker-influenced can therefore break out of the generated `join('…')` call and inject arbitrary PHP into the compiled template. Volt writes that compiled template to a cache file and `require()`s it at render time, so the injected PHP executes i.e. compile-time PHP code injection (server-side template injection -> remote code execution) for any application that compiles attacker-controlled Volt source.\n\n## Details \n\n### Root cause\n\n`phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep:2544-2546`:\n\n```zephir\ncase \"join\":\n    return \"join('\" . funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]\n        . \"', \" . funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"] . \")\";\n```\n\n`funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the separator) and `funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the piped array) are the **raw values** of the parsed template tokens. Unlike every other expres","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 5.16.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-04T02:53:03.152Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-11T05:15:04.527Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-08-21T20:55:56.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"},{"id":"NVI-00005602","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Phalcon Volt compiler `join` filter compile-time PHP code injection (SSTI leads to RCE)","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","CVE-2026-59989"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for phalcon/cphalcon. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 5.16.0 for phalcon/cphalcon. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-hrwp-4hh9-c8r8","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-959735b28d19a60962a336078b86f318"],"technology":"phalcon/cphalcon","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Summary\n\nThe Volt template compiler in Phalcon generates the PHP for the `join` filter by string-concatenating the filter's **raw template-literal argument bytes** with no escaping. The separator literal is dropped verbatim between two single quotes the compiler emits, and the piped array argument is emitted completely bare. A Volt template whose `join` arguments are attacker-influenced can therefore break out of the generated `join('…')` call and inject arbitrary PHP into the compiled template. Volt writes that compiled template to a cache file and `require()`s it at render time, so the injected PHP executes i.e. compile-time PHP code injection (server-side template injection -> remote code execution) for any application that compiles attacker-controlled Volt source.\n\n## Details \n\n### Root cause\n\n`phalcon/Mvc/View/Engine/Volt/Compiler.zep:2544-2546`:\n\n```zephir\ncase \"join\":\n    return \"join('\" . funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]\n        . \"', \" . funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"] . \")\";\n```\n\n`funcArguments[1][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the separator) and `funcArguments[0][\"expr\"][\"value\"]` (the piped array) are the **raw values** of the parsed template tokens. Unlike every other expres","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 5.16.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:13:01.471Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-11T05:15:04.527Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-08-21T20:55:56.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:20.432Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}