{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00008066","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Dompdf: Denial of Service (DoS) via Resource Exhaustion using Oversized Image Bitmaps","revision":4,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","CVE-2026-59942"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for dompdf/dompdf. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-23475e497297c0b3d151e1949be8f78b"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 3.1.6 for dompdf/dompdf. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-02T12:00:30.000Z","value":"0.900%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.59666. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-23475e497297c0b3d151e1949be8f78b"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-1b3396e896ea55d028413923f8724043","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T17:42:43.803Z"},{"id":"sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"sr-23475e497297c0b3d151e1949be8f78b","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59942","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-02T20:15:58.859Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1b3396e896ea55d028413923f8724043"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["< 3.1.6"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 3.1.6"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-07T14:01:58.742Z","source_updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:42.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:40.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"NVI-00008066","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Dompdf: Denial of Service (DoS) via Resource Exhaustion using Oversized Image Bitmaps","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","CVE-2026-59942"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for dompdf/dompdf. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 3.1.6 for dompdf/dompdf. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.900%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.59673. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-1b3396e896ea55d028413923f8724043","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T17:42:43.803Z"},{"id":"sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59942","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.383Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-1b3396e896ea55d028413923f8724043"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["< 3.1.6"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 3.1.6"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-04T10:04:27.886Z","source_updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:42.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:40.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"NVI-00008066","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Dompdf: Denial of Service (DoS) via Resource Exhaustion using Oversized Image Bitmaps","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","CVE-2026-59942"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for dompdf/dompdf. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 3.1.6 for dompdf/dompdf. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null},{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.900%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.59673. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"sr-66da443aef8ee10dd5abb6adc9249509","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-59942","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:06:15.383Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 3.1.6"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-01T01:45:38.556Z","source_updated_at":"2026-07-22T23:11:43.942Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:40.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"},{"id":"NVI-00008066","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Dompdf: Denial of Service (DoS) via Resource Exhaustion using Oversized Image Bitmaps","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","CVE-2026-59942"],"plain_summary":"OSV carries this publisher advisory for dompdf/dompdf. This is an aggregated source copy; consult the original publisher and compare update dates.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"The original advisory lists fixed boundaries 3.1.6 for dompdf/dompdf. Confirm the publisher’s latest guidance.","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"action_type":"vendor_patch","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub-origin advisory, CC-BY-4.0; OSV is an aggregate copy, not independent corroboration.","title":"GHSA-f5gf-2cj8-52g2","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database via OSV","observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-f46ac5284f1774181270c2f761f5441a"],"technology":"dompdf/dompdf","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nDompdf v3.1.5 is vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack via resource exhaustion. An attacker can crash the PHP process by providing a specially crafted HTML document containing a single image with massive dimensions (e.g., 30,000x30,000 pixels).\n\nWhile Dompdf implements internal checks to validate image dimensions, these can be bypassed by using a high-entropy image (such as random noise) encoded in Base64 and wrapped in specific CSS containers.\n\n### Technical Deep Dive:\nStandard solid-color images can often be optimized by compression algorithms or rendering engines. However, a high-entropy noise image forces the PHP engine to process each of the 900 million pixels individually. When render() is called, the engine attempts to handle the uncompressed bitmap in memory and calculate the layout for every high-variance pixel data point. This leads to:\n- **100% CPU Saturation:** The rendering thread hangs indefinitely trying to process the pixel stream.\n- **Process Termination:** The massive memory allocation (verified at ~1.2 GB for a single image) triggers a Fatal Error or an OS-level SIGKILL (OOM), resulting in an immediate Denial of Service.\n\n### Details\nThe vuln","public_affected_ranges":["ECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 3.1.6"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:13:22.828Z","source_updated_at":"2026-07-22T23:11:43.942Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-07-22T22:51:40.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T21:42:10.709Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}