{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00010546","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: Heap use-after-free when encoding TIFF to an in-memory buffer","revision":4,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","CVE-2026-112396"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-24de59a5537e8e0bb0207f4624312ade"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","value":"5.9 medium","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:00:38.780Z","value":"5.9 MEDIUM (3.1)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:00:38.780Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-02T12:00:30.000Z","value":"0.694%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.52953. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-24de59a5537e8e0bb0207f4624312ade"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112396","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-112396","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:44.915Z"},{"id":"sr-24de59a5537e8e0bb0207f4624312ade","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112396","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-02T20:15:58.840Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nSaving an image as TIFF to an in-memory buffer can trigger a heap use-after-free if libtiff rejects a tag at encode time. When `TIFFWriteScanline` fails, the encoder frees its output buffer but leaves the libtiff handle open. Later, when the encoder object is torn down, `TIFFClose` flushes buffered bytes through the write callback and writes into the freed buffer. An application that re-encodes attacker-influenced images to TIFF in memory can be crashed and is a candidate for remote code execution.\n\n### Details\nThe failure path in `ImagingLibTiffEncode` frees `clientstate->data` for the in-memory case but does not close the TIFF or null `clientstate->tiff` (the file-descriptor branch just above it does set `tiff = NULL`):\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:1041-1046`\n\nTeardown then calls `ImagingLibTiffEncodeCleanup`, which runs `TIFFClose(tiff)` because `tiff` is still set:\n\n- `src/encode.c:99-101`\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:955`\n\n`TIFFClose` flushes through `_tiffWriteProc`, which reallocs and memcpys into the freed `state->data`:\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:103-115`\n\nThe Predictor tag is a convenient trigger: the floating-point predictor (value 3) is invalid for","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.3.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-08T19:53:33.653Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:19.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010546","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: Heap use-after-free when encoding TIFF to an in-memory buffer","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","CVE-2026-112396"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","value":"5.9 medium","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:00:38.780Z","value":"5.9 MEDIUM (3.1)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-26T21:00:38.780Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.694%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.52968. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-2424e12dc40df31964ebfe5dcab6c4a7","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112396","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-112396","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:44.915Z"},{"id":"sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112396","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nSaving an image as TIFF to an in-memory buffer can trigger a heap use-after-free if libtiff rejects a tag at encode time. When `TIFFWriteScanline` fails, the encoder frees its output buffer but leaves the libtiff handle open. Later, when the encoder object is torn down, `TIFFClose` flushes buffered bytes through the write callback and writes into the freed buffer. An application that re-encodes attacker-influenced images to TIFF in memory can be crashed and is a candidate for remote code execution.\n\n### Details\nThe failure path in `ImagingLibTiffEncode` frees `clientstate->data` for the in-memory case but does not close the TIFF or null `clientstate->tiff` (the file-descriptor branch just above it does set `tiff = NULL`):\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:1041-1046`\n\nTeardown then calls `ImagingLibTiffEncodeCleanup`, which runs `TIFFClose(tiff)` because `tiff` is still set:\n\n- `src/encode.c:99-101`\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:955`\n\n`TIFFClose` flushes through `_tiffWriteProc`, which reallocs and memcpys into the freed `state->data`:\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:103-115`\n\nThe Predictor tag is a convenient trigger: the floating-point predictor (value 3) is invalid for","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.3.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-03T10:03:31.381Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:19.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010546","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: Heap use-after-free when encoding TIFF to an in-memory buffer","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","CVE-2026-112396"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","value":"5.9 medium","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.694%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.52968. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-042c74e39574a1c8f7dd1f30a314d7d2","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112396","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nSaving an image as TIFF to an in-memory buffer can trigger a heap use-after-free if libtiff rejects a tag at encode time. When `TIFFWriteScanline` fails, the encoder frees its output buffer but leaves the libtiff handle open. Later, when the encoder object is torn down, `TIFFClose` flushes buffered bytes through the write callback and writes into the freed buffer. An application that re-encodes attacker-influenced images to TIFF in memory can be crashed and is a candidate for remote code execution.\n\n### Details\nThe failure path in `ImagingLibTiffEncode` frees `clientstate->data` for the in-memory case but does not close the TIFF or null `clientstate->tiff` (the file-descriptor branch just above it does set `tiff = NULL`):\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:1041-1046`\n\nTeardown then calls `ImagingLibTiffEncodeCleanup`, which runs `TIFFClose(tiff)` because `tiff` is still set:\n\n- `src/encode.c:99-101`\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:955`\n\n`TIFFClose` flushes through `_tiffWriteProc`, which reallocs and memcpys into the freed `state->data`:\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:103-115`\n\nThe Predictor tag is a convenient trigger: the floating-point predictor (value 3) is invalid for","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.3.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T23:18:22.437Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:19.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010546","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: Heap use-after-free when encoding TIFF to an in-memory buffer","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","CVE-2026-112396"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","value":"5.9 medium","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-4rr5-89j8-mwwm","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-30f65724bf259c62c748645c07ca9a12"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\nSaving an image as TIFF to an in-memory buffer can trigger a heap use-after-free if libtiff rejects a tag at encode time. When `TIFFWriteScanline` fails, the encoder frees its output buffer but leaves the libtiff handle open. Later, when the encoder object is torn down, `TIFFClose` flushes buffered bytes through the write callback and writes into the freed buffer. An application that re-encodes attacker-influenced images to TIFF in memory can be crashed and is a candidate for remote code execution.\n\n### Details\nThe failure path in `ImagingLibTiffEncode` frees `clientstate->data` for the in-memory case but does not close the TIFF or null `clientstate->tiff` (the file-descriptor branch just above it does set `tiff = NULL`):\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:1041-1046`\n\nTeardown then calls `ImagingLibTiffEncodeCleanup`, which runs `TIFFClose(tiff)` because `tiff` is still set:\n\n- `src/encode.c:99-101`\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:955`\n\n`TIFFClose` flushes through `_tiffWriteProc`, which reallocs and memcpys into the freed `state->data`:\n\n- `src/libImaging/TiffDecode.c:103-115`\n\nThe Predictor tag is a convenient trigger: the floating-point predictor (value 3) is invalid for","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.3.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:27:09.620Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:20.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:24:19.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}