{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00010658","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PdfParser can recurse without limit in get_value() and linearize_page_tree()","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-254f-3936-288h","CVE-2026-112391"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-23T17:00:31.740Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-828162b7a08c37aee15f40036771d4fc"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-23T17:00:31.740Z","value":"6.3 MEDIUM (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-828162b7a08c37aee15f40036771d4fc"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.581%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.47768. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-254f-3936-288h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-254f-3936-288h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-828162b7a08c37aee15f40036771d4fc","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112391","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-112391","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:37.778Z"},{"id":"sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112391","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`PdfParser`'s `get_value()` can recurse without any limit and crash with an uncaught `RecursionError`. It is reachable through `Image.save(im, fp=, format=\"PDF\", append=True)` when the existing PDF file is attacker-controlled. This is the same class of bug as https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r73j-pqj5-w3x7 (the /Prev trailer chain loop, fixed earlier this year), in the same file, but in two different functions that fix did not touch.\n\n### Details\n**`get_value()` in `src/PIL/PdfParser.py`**\n\nThis is a classmethod that takes `max_nesting: int = -1` and has a guard:\n\n```python\nif max_nesting == 0:\n    return None, None\n```\n\nEvery recursive call (nested arrays, dictionaries, indirect object definitions) passes `max_nesting=max_nesting - 1`. Since the default and every call site start at -1, this only ever counts down further negative: -1, -2, -3, and so on. It never equals exactly 0, so the guard never runs. A PDF object with a value nested a few thousand levels deep is enough to hit Python's recursion limit. It does not even need a valid `/Pages` tree, since `read_pdf_info()` parses the `/Root` object's own dictionary first, before checking anything else.\n\nThis advi","public_affected_ranges":[">= 5.1.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-08T15:11:49.382Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:08.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:07.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010658","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PdfParser can recurse without limit in get_value() and linearize_page_tree()","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-254f-3936-288h","CVE-2026-112391"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.581%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.47768. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-254f-3936-288h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-254f-3936-288h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-97863c924c9f5c2f820343c9b6fc1c70","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112391","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`PdfParser`'s `get_value()` can recurse without any limit and crash with an uncaught `RecursionError`. It is reachable through `Image.save(im, fp=, format=\"PDF\", append=True)` when the existing PDF file is attacker-controlled. This is the same class of bug as https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r73j-pqj5-w3x7 (the /Prev trailer chain loop, fixed earlier this year), in the same file, but in two different functions that fix did not touch.\n\n### Details\n**`get_value()` in `src/PIL/PdfParser.py`**\n\nThis is a classmethod that takes `max_nesting: int = -1` and has a guard:\n\n```python\nif max_nesting == 0:\n    return None, None\n```\n\nEvery recursive call (nested arrays, dictionaries, indirect object definitions) passes `max_nesting=max_nesting - 1`. Since the default and every call site start at -1, this only ever counts down further negative: -1, -2, -3, and so on. It never equals exactly 0, so the guard never runs. A PDF object with a value nested a few thousand levels deep is enough to hit Python's recursion limit. It does not even need a valid `/Pages` tree, since `read_pdf_info()` parses the `/Root` object's own dictionary first, before checking anything else.\n\nThis advi","public_affected_ranges":[">= 5.1.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-05T03:53:06.258Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:08.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:07.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010658","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PdfParser can recurse without limit in get_value() and linearize_page_tree()","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-254f-3936-288h","CVE-2026-112391"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-254f-3936-288h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-254f-3936-288h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-8dd152fb1bc6cef34e29cdbbf992598a"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`PdfParser`'s `get_value()` can recurse without any limit and crash with an uncaught `RecursionError`. It is reachable through `Image.save(im, fp=, format=\"PDF\", append=True)` when the existing PDF file is attacker-controlled. This is the same class of bug as https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-r73j-pqj5-w3x7 (the /Prev trailer chain loop, fixed earlier this year), in the same file, but in two different functions that fix did not touch.\n\n### Details\n**`get_value()` in `src/PIL/PdfParser.py`**\n\nThis is a classmethod that takes `max_nesting: int = -1` and has a guard:\n\n```python\nif max_nesting == 0:\n    return None, None\n```\n\nEvery recursive call (nested arrays, dictionaries, indirect object definitions) passes `max_nesting=max_nesting - 1`. Since the default and every call site start at -1, this only ever counts down further negative: -1, -2, -3, and so on. It never equals exactly 0, so the guard never runs. A PDF object with a value nested a few thousand levels deep is enough to hit Python's recursion limit. It does not even need a valid `/Pages` tree, since `read_pdf_info()` parses the `/Root` object's own dictionary first, before checking anything else.\n\nThis advi","public_affected_ranges":[">= 5.1.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:27:09.627Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:08.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T21:11:07.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}