{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00010672","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PNG eXIf chunk makes EXIF parsing run in quadratic time","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","CVE-2026-96643"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:26:51.563Z","value":"6.5 MEDIUM (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-69df0a1fc25bdd0869586e392bd70e92"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:26:51.563Z","value":"7.1 HIGH (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-69df0a1fc25bdd0869586e392bd70e92"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.373%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.31271. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-69df0a1fc25bdd0869586e392bd70e92","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-96643","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-96643","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-04T09:59:59.040Z"},{"id":"sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-96643","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.701Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n  A PNG file with a large eXIf chunk full of repeated 6-byte markers makes Pillow's EXIF parser take seconds of CPU instead of milliseconds. The cost grows with the square of the chunk size, so a normal small-photo-sized file is enough to cause real delay.\n\n  ### Details\n  `Exif.load()` in `src/PIL/Image.py` strips a marker from the start of the EXIF data like this:\n\n  ```python\n  while data and data.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n      data = data[6:]\n  ```\n\n  Each pass makes a new copy of the remaining data. A real camera writes this marker once, so this is not normally a problem.\n\n  `chunk_eXIf()` in `src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py` puts the raw PNG eXIf chunk straight into `info[\"exif\"]` with no size limit and no check of its content. PNG text chunks (tEXt, zTXt, iTXt) are capped with `MAX_TEXT_CHUNK` and `MAX_TEXT_MEMORY`. The eXIf chunk has no such cap.\n\n  If the eXIf chunk is filled with repeated `Exif\\x00\\x00` markers instead of real EXIF data, the strip loop runs once per marker, copying a large buffer each time. This is a classic quadratic time bug.\n\n  ### Steps to reproduce\n  This builds a small PNG in memory and times `Image.open().getexif()` on it. No external fil","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-07T07:07:42.483Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:41.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010672","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PNG eXIf chunk makes EXIF parsing run in quadratic time","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","CVE-2026-96643"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.373%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.31271. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-4b126504da58c7afa9752ef2db3286a3","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-96643","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.701Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n  A PNG file with a large eXIf chunk full of repeated 6-byte markers makes Pillow's EXIF parser take seconds of CPU instead of milliseconds. The cost grows with the square of the chunk size, so a normal small-photo-sized file is enough to cause real delay.\n\n  ### Details\n  `Exif.load()` in `src/PIL/Image.py` strips a marker from the start of the EXIF data like this:\n\n  ```python\n  while data and data.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n      data = data[6:]\n  ```\n\n  Each pass makes a new copy of the remaining data. A real camera writes this marker once, so this is not normally a problem.\n\n  `chunk_eXIf()` in `src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py` puts the raw PNG eXIf chunk straight into `info[\"exif\"]` with no size limit and no check of its content. PNG text chunks (tEXt, zTXt, iTXt) are capped with `MAX_TEXT_CHUNK` and `MAX_TEXT_MEMORY`. The eXIf chunk has no such cap.\n\n  If the eXIf chunk is filled with repeated `Exif\\x00\\x00` markers instead of real EXIF data, the strip loop runs once per marker, copying a large buffer each time. This is a classic quadratic time bug.\n\n  ### Steps to reproduce\n  This builds a small PNG in memory and times `Image.open().getexif()` on it. No external fil","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-01T07:29:08.034Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:41.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010672","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: PNG eXIf chunk makes EXIF parsing run in quadratic time","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","CVE-2026-96643"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g4qv-2jxx-769h","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-975b3b5eeabb02ecc67c0f1bae7ba824"],"technology":"Pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n  A PNG file with a large eXIf chunk full of repeated 6-byte markers makes Pillow's EXIF parser take seconds of CPU instead of milliseconds. The cost grows with the square of the chunk size, so a normal small-photo-sized file is enough to cause real delay.\n\n  ### Details\n  `Exif.load()` in `src/PIL/Image.py` strips a marker from the start of the EXIF data like this:\n\n  ```python\n  while data and data.startswith(b\"Exif\\x00\\x00\"):\n      data = data[6:]\n  ```\n\n  Each pass makes a new copy of the remaining data. A real camera writes this marker once, so this is not normally a problem.\n\n  `chunk_eXIf()` in `src/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py` puts the raw PNG eXIf chunk straight into `info[\"exif\"]` with no size limit and no check of its content. PNG text chunks (tEXt, zTXt, iTXt) are capped with `MAX_TEXT_CHUNK` and `MAX_TEXT_MEMORY`. The eXIf chunk has no such cap.\n\n  If the eXIf chunk is filled with repeated `Exif\\x00\\x00` markers instead of real EXIF data, the strip loop runs once per marker, copying a large buffer each time. This is a classic quadratic time bug.\n\n  ### Steps to reproduce\n  This builds a small PNG in memory and times `Image.open().getexif()` on it. No external fil","public_affected_ranges":[">= 11.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:27:09.628Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:41.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-22T16:02:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}