{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00010725","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: NULL pointer dereference in Image.merge via an unvalidated band 0","revision":4,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","CVE-2026-112405"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-29f2937d60ef581522b001050ae9aed9"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:59:59.923Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:59:59.923Z","value":"8.7 HIGH (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-01T12:00:16.000Z","value":"0.594%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.48426. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-29f2937d60ef581522b001050ae9aed9"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112405","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-112405","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:44.915Z"},{"id":"sr-29f2937d60ef581522b001050ae9aed9","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112405","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-01T14:28:32.265Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`Image.merge()` checks the mode of every input band except band 0. If band 0 is a single-band `I` or `F` image, the native merge routine reads a pixel pointer that is NULL for those modes and the process crashes. The IPTC plugin reaches this from a plain `Image.open()` followed by a load, and IPTC has no magic-byte prefilter, so a crafted file with no recognizable header can drive it.\n\n### Details\nThe validation loop skips band 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/Image.py:3795` iterates `for band in bands[1:]` and checks mode and size only for those.\n\nFor an `I` or `F` image the 8-bit plane `image8` is NULL (only `image32` is set). `ImagingMerge` dereferences `bands[0]->image8[y]` for the multi-band output modes:\n\n- `src/libImaging/Bands.c:302`, `:311`, `:321`\n\nThe IPTC loader builds the band list from an attacker-typed sub-image and passes it to merge with the sub-image at index 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:156-160`\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:169` registers the opener with no accept function.\n\n### PoC\n```python\nfrom PIL import Image\n\n# Band 0 is a single-band \"I\" image: its image8 plane is NULL. merge() validates only\n# bands[1:], so the native ImagingMerge dereferences the NULL pl","public_affected_ranges":[">= 12.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-06T15:18:11.450Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:26.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:25.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010725","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: NULL pointer dereference in Image.merge via an unvalidated band 0","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","CVE-2026-112405"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:59:59.923Z","value":"7.5 HIGH (3.1)","meaning":"nvd@nist.gov severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604"},{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-10-27T14:59:59.923Z","value":"8.7 HIGH (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.594%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.48432. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-20f8c8b0bc7214bd591919b1f9d17604","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112405","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-112405","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:44.915Z"},{"id":"sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112405","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`Image.merge()` checks the mode of every input band except band 0. If band 0 is a single-band `I` or `F` image, the native merge routine reads a pixel pointer that is NULL for those modes and the process crashes. The IPTC plugin reaches this from a plain `Image.open()` followed by a load, and IPTC has no magic-byte prefilter, so a crafted file with no recognizable header can drive it.\n\n### Details\nThe validation loop skips band 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/Image.py:3795` iterates `for band in bands[1:]` and checks mode and size only for those.\n\nFor an `I` or `F` image the 8-bit plane `image8` is NULL (only `image32` is set). `ImagingMerge` dereferences `bands[0]->image8[y]` for the multi-band output modes:\n\n- `src/libImaging/Bands.c:302`, `:311`, `:321`\n\nThe IPTC loader builds the band list from an attacker-typed sub-image and passes it to merge with the sub-image at index 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:156-160`\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:169` registers the opener with no accept function.\n\n### PoC\n```python\nfrom PIL import Image\n\n# Band 0 is a single-band \"I\" image: its image8 plane is NULL. merge() validates only\n# bands[1:], so the native ImagingMerge dereferences the NULL pl","public_affected_ranges":[">= 12.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-03T10:03:31.378Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:26.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:25.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010725","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: NULL pointer dereference in Image.merge via an unvalidated band 0","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","CVE-2026-112405"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.594%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.48432. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"sr-1e46f8d12f275fc3b29eaf8218602a87","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-112405","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-10-31T23:13:27.688Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`Image.merge()` checks the mode of every input band except band 0. If band 0 is a single-band `I` or `F` image, the native merge routine reads a pixel pointer that is NULL for those modes and the process crashes. The IPTC plugin reaches this from a plain `Image.open()` followed by a load, and IPTC has no magic-byte prefilter, so a crafted file with no recognizable header can drive it.\n\n### Details\nThe validation loop skips band 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/Image.py:3795` iterates `for band in bands[1:]` and checks mode and size only for those.\n\nFor an `I` or `F` image the 8-bit plane `image8` is NULL (only `image32` is set). `ImagingMerge` dereferences `bands[0]->image8[y]` for the multi-band output modes:\n\n- `src/libImaging/Bands.c:302`, `:311`, `:321`\n\nThe IPTC loader builds the band list from an attacker-typed sub-image and passes it to merge with the sub-image at index 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:156-160`\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:169` registers the opener with no accept function.\n\n### PoC\n```python\nfrom PIL import Image\n\n# Band 0 is a single-band \"I\" image: its image8 plane is NULL. merge() validates only\n# bands[1:], so the native ImagingMerge dereferences the NULL pl","public_affected_ranges":[">= 12.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T23:18:22.441Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:26.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:25.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"},{"id":"NVI-00010725","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Pillow: NULL pointer dereference in Image.merge via an unvalidated band 0","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","CVE-2026-112405"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for pillow. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-cp9v-662q-vvx9","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-ce6c80089e6ca34866d54a8b2114fa90"],"technology":"pillow","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n`Image.merge()` checks the mode of every input band except band 0. If band 0 is a single-band `I` or `F` image, the native merge routine reads a pixel pointer that is NULL for those modes and the process crashes. The IPTC plugin reaches this from a plain `Image.open()` followed by a load, and IPTC has no magic-byte prefilter, so a crafted file with no recognizable header can drive it.\n\n### Details\nThe validation loop skips band 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/Image.py:3795` iterates `for band in bands[1:]` and checks mode and size only for those.\n\nFor an `I` or `F` image the 8-bit plane `image8` is NULL (only `image32` is set). `ImagingMerge` dereferences `bands[0]->image8[y]` for the multi-band output modes:\n\n- `src/libImaging/Bands.c:302`, `:311`, `:321`\n\nThe IPTC loader builds the band list from an attacker-typed sub-image and passes it to merge with the sub-image at index 0:\n\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:156-160`\n- `src/PIL/IptcImagePlugin.py:169` registers the opener with no accept function.\n\n### PoC\n```python\nfrom PIL import Image\n\n# Band 0 is a single-band \"I\" image: its image8 plane is NULL. merge() validates only\n# bands[1:], so the native ImagingMerge dereferences the NULL pl","public_affected_ranges":[">= 12.0.0, < 13.0.0"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-10-31T22:27:12.378Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:26.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-21T20:30:25.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-10-31T22:07:30.906Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}