{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00011798","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Werkzeug safe_join() allows Windows special device names","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected.","NVD lastModified does not establish freshness of every associated CPE record."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","CVE-2026-102598"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Werkzeug. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-09-30T19:38:27.293Z","value":"6.3 MEDIUM (4.0)","meaning":"security-advisories@github.com severity; no combined Null risk score.","source_id":"sr-580b3b1edb0a3ee29604dc8c3bc7c544"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.370%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.3092. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"},{"id":"sr-580b3b1edb0a3ee29604dc8c3bc7c544","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102598","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.","title":"CVE-2026-102598","publisher":"NIST National Vulnerability Database","observed_at":"2026-11-03T09:58:04.487Z"},{"id":"sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-102598","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-01T01:39:43.063Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1"],"technology":"Werkzeug","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Werkzeug's `safe_join` function allows Windows device names as filenames when they have an empty ADS marker on NTFS.\n\nThis was previously reported as https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/security/advisories/GHSA-hgf8-39gv-g3f2, but the added filtering failed to account for the fact Windows allows special device names with an empty ADS marker, such as `NUL:`.\n\n`send_from_directory` uses `safe_join` to safely serve files at user-specified paths under a directory. If the application is running on Windows and NTFS, and the requested path ends with a special device name, the file will be opened successfully, but reading will hang indefinitely.","public_affected_ranges":["< 3.1.9"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-05T19:10:23.277Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:40.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Source facts changed; compare the preserved prior revision.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"},{"id":"NVI-00011798","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Werkzeug safe_join() allows Windows special device names","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","CVE-2026-102598"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Werkzeug. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-10-31T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.370%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.3092. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"},{"id":"sr-200a677ffa40222c7e0760d2eaf5be14","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-102598","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-01T01:39:43.063Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1"],"technology":"Werkzeug","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Werkzeug's `safe_join` function allows Windows device names as filenames when they have an empty ADS marker on NTFS.\n\nThis was previously reported as https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/security/advisories/GHSA-hgf8-39gv-g3f2, but the added filtering failed to account for the fact Windows allows special device names with an empty ADS marker, such as `NUL:`.\n\n`send_from_directory` uses `safe_join` to safely serve files at user-specified paths under a directory. If the application is running on Windows and NTFS, and the requested path ends with a special device name, the file will be opened successfully, but reading will hang indefinitely.","public_affected_ranges":["< 3.1.9"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-01T14:34:14.103Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:40.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"},{"id":"NVI-00011798","kind":"vulnerability","title":"Werkzeug safe_join() allows Windows special device names","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","CVE-2026-102598"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for Werkzeug. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-g6x2-hccm-hh4m","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-304f448c8b6d71287fa6cb2f518564a1"],"technology":"Werkzeug","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"Werkzeug's `safe_join` function allows Windows device names as filenames when they have an empty ADS marker on NTFS.\n\nThis was previously reported as https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/security/advisories/GHSA-hgf8-39gv-g3f2, but the added filtering failed to account for the fact Windows allows special device names with an empty ADS marker, such as `NUL:`.\n\n`send_from_directory` uses `safe_join` to safely serve files at user-specified paths under a directory. If the application is running on Windows and NTFS, and the requested path ends with a special device name, the file will be opened successfully, but reading will hang indefinitely.","public_affected_ranges":["< 3.1.9"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-01T01:03:56.605Z","source_updated_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:40.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-10-05T23:48:39.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-01T00:59:16.959Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}