{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00013238","kind":"vulnerability","title":"brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion","revision":3,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","CVE-2026-102278"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for brace-expansion, brace-expansion, brace-expansion, brace-expansion. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-15e97d84e301d8a3643be4f6cec643a9"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-09-29T23:45:19.000Z","value":"7.5 high","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-04T12:03:12.000Z","value":"0.491%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.42326. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-15e97d84e301d8a3643be4f6cec643a9"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:25.558Z"},{"id":"sr-15e97d84e301d8a3643be4f6cec643a9","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-102278","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-04T17:58:50.308Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 4.0.0, < 5.0.11"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 3.0.0, < 3.0.8"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 2.0.0, < 2.1.6"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":["< 1.1.20"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-08T19:53:38.931Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-29T23:45:19.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-09-29T23:45:17.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:25.558Z"},{"id":"NVI-00013238","kind":"vulnerability","title":"brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion on nested brace groups causing stack exhaustion","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","CVE-2026-102278"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for brace-expansion, brace-expansion, brace-expansion, brace-expansion. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-09-29T23:45:19.000Z","value":"7.5 high","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-qhr7-859c-m2p7","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:25.558Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 4.0.0, < 5.0.11"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 3.0.0, < 3.0.8"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":[">= 2.0.0, < 2.1.6"]},{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-9fdc7c85d3628826eb3d5bbb6ba68550"],"technology":"brace-expansion","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"### Summary\n\n`expand_()` recurses once per level of brace *nesting*. Deeply nested input exhausts the native stack and crashes the process.\n\nThis is distinct from CVE-2026-14257 / GHSA-mh99-v99m-4gvg, which made the *tail* iterative (recursion on `m.post`, driven by how many groups are chained). Nesting depth drives a different recursion that the tail fix never touched, so the documented constant-stack-depth guarantee only ever covered chained input, not nested input.\n\nIt is also distinct from GHSA-6j4f-fj2g-mc7p, which fixed recursion in `parseCommaParts()`. Both payloads below still crash with that fix applied.\n\n### Two recursion sites\n\n**Comma members.** Each alternative of a brace set is expanded by a recursive call, so nesting a set inside every alternative recurses once per level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{a,'.repeat(4000) + 'z' + '}'.repeat(4000))\n// RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n```\n\nCrashes at depth 3,907 - about **15.6 KB** of input.\n\n**Single set.** A brace set whose body parses to a single part is expanded by a recursive call before being re-wrapped (`x{{a,b}}y` -> `x{a}y x{b}y`), which recurses once per nesting level:\n\n```js\nexpand('{'.repeat(3200) + 'a,b' + '}'.r","public_affected_ranges":["< 1.1.20"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-01T07:29:12.931Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-29T23:45:19.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-09-29T23:45:17.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-01T07:24:25.558Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}