{"items":[{"id":"NVI-00014164","kind":"vulnerability","title":"NLTK: JVM argument injection bypass via per-call options in the NLTK Stanford wrappers (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-12841)","revision":2,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","CVE-2026-79675"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for nltk. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-1c4b1163fdbe558e9378772688088547"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-09-01T20:38:23.000Z","value":"9.8 critical","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7"},{"kind":"EPSS","as_of":"2026-11-03T12:00:27.000Z","value":"0.775%","meaning":"FIRST EPSS model v2026.06.15; exploitation probability over 30 days, percentile 0.55832. Missing scores are unknown.","source_id":"sr-1c4b1163fdbe558e9378772688088547"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-02T02:21:50.763Z"},{"id":"sr-1c4b1163fdbe558e9378772688088547","url":"https://www.first.org/epss/data.html","basis":"official_catalog","notes":"FIRST EPSS; probability of exploitation in the next 30 days, not local compromise. Dataset date/model retained; FIRST services terms apply.","title":"CVE-2026-79675","publisher":"FIRST EPSS","observed_at":"2026-11-03T17:45:16.082Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7"],"technology":"nltk","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Vulnerability\n\nThe fix for CVE-2026-12841 (CWE-88, JVM argument injection) added `_validate_java_options()` to block dangerous JVM flags such as `-agentlib`, `-agentpath`, `-javaagent`, `-Xrunjdwp`, and `@argfile` references. However, the validation is only applied when setting global options via `config_java()`. The `java()` function's per-call `options` parameter -- added by PR #3683 (CVE-2026-12615 fix) -- passes options directly to `subprocess.Popen` without calling `_validate_java_options()`.\n\nAll four Stanford Java wrapper classes accept user-supplied `java_options` and route them through the unvalidated per-call path, bypassing the CVE-2026-12841 fix entirely.\n\n## Root Cause\n\nIn `nltk/internals.py`, the `java()` function (line 128) accepts an `options` keyword argument. When `options` is not None, it is converted to a list and prepended to the JVM command (lines 211-217) without any validation:\n\n```python\n# nltk/internals.py, lines 211-217 (HEAD)\nif options is None:\n    java_options = _java_options       # validated by config_java()\nelse:\n    if isinstance(options, str):\n        options = options.split()\n    java_options = list(options)       # NO validation\ncmd = [_java_","public_affected_ranges":["<= 3.10.2"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-07T14:01:55.401Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-01T20:38:23.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-09-01T20:38:22.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"Dated EPSS estimate updated; this is not a new disclosure or proof of exploitation.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-02T02:21:50.763Z"},{"id":"NVI-00014164","kind":"vulnerability","title":"NLTK: JVM argument injection bypass via per-call options in the NLTK Stanford wrappers (incomplete fix of CVE-2026-12841)","revision":1,"unknowns":["Customer inventory, deployment, reachability and exploitation have not been inspected."],"lifecycle":"active","identifiers":["GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","CVE-2026-79675"],"plain_summary":"GitHub lists this reviewed advisory for nltk. Published version ranges and source prerequisites are shown below; this is not an inspection of a visitor’s application.","review_status":"source_listed","control_topics":[],"public_actions":[{"summary":"Identify the exact component and deployed version, examine the linked publisher’s conditions, and retain evidence of any mitigation.","source_ids":["sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7"],"action_type":"investigate","limitations":"Confirm current vendor support, compatibility and deployment evidence. This report has not tested a fix in your system.","current_supported_target":null}],"schema_version":"1.1.0","source_metrics":[{"kind":"CVSS","as_of":"2026-09-01T20:38:23.000Z","value":"9.8 critical","meaning":"GitHub source severity; exploitability and local consequence require separate evidence.","source_id":"sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7"}],"why_it_matters":"Published affected context helps an owner decide what evidence to gather. This report has not examined your application.","related_sources":[{"id":"sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","basis":"vendor_advisory","notes":"GitHub Advisory Database; CC-BY-4.0. Each advisory links its original attribution. Null normalizes fields.","title":"GHSA-m4rf-3fr8-xwx3","publisher":"GitHub Advisory Database","observed_at":"2026-11-02T02:21:50.763Z"}],"affected_context":[{"certainty":"source_listed","source_ids":["sr-532ee9d8a6a499aab98f8fef555971a7"],"technology":"nltk","known_exclusions":[],"conditions_summary":"## Vulnerability\n\nThe fix for CVE-2026-12841 (CWE-88, JVM argument injection) added `_validate_java_options()` to block dangerous JVM flags such as `-agentlib`, `-agentpath`, `-javaagent`, `-Xrunjdwp`, and `@argfile` references. However, the validation is only applied when setting global options via `config_java()`. The `java()` function's per-call `options` parameter -- added by PR #3683 (CVE-2026-12615 fix) -- passes options directly to `subprocess.Popen` without calling `_validate_java_options()`.\n\nAll four Stanford Java wrapper classes accept user-supplied `java_options` and route them through the unvalidated per-call path, bypassing the CVE-2026-12841 fix entirely.\n\n## Root Cause\n\nIn `nltk/internals.py`, the `java()` function (line 128) accepts an `options` keyword argument. When `options` is not None, it is converted to a list and prepended to the JVM command (lines 211-217) without any validation:\n\n```python\n# nltk/internals.py, lines 211-217 (HEAD)\nif options is None:\n    java_options = _java_options       # validated by config_java()\nelse:\n    if isinstance(options, str):\n        options = options.split()\n    java_options = list(options)       # NO validation\ncmd = [_java_","public_affected_ranges":["<= 3.10.2"]}],"null_published_at":"2026-11-02T10:00:37.216Z","source_updated_at":"2026-09-01T20:38:23.000Z","source_disclosed_at":"2026-09-01T20:38:22.000Z","is_synthetic_fixture":false,"null_last_reviewed_at":null,"public_change_summary":"First indexed by Null; source disclosure date is shown separately.","null_first_observed_at":"2026-11-02T02:21:50.763Z"}],"next_cursor":null,"snapshot_revision":"42594"}